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        <title>Time lags in watershed-scale nutrient transport: an exploration of dominant controls</title>
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            <title>Environmental Research Letters, Volume 12, Issue 8</title>
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    <abstract>Unprecedented decreases in atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition together with increases in agricultural N-use efficiency have led to decreases in net anthropogenic N inputs in many eastern US and Canadian watersheds as well as in Europe. Despite such decreases, N concentrations in streams and rivers continue to increase, and problems of coastal eutrophication remain acute. Such a mismatch between N inputs and outputs can arise due to legacy N accumulation and subsequent lag times between implementation of conservation measures and improvements in water quality. In the present study, we quantified such lag times by pairing long-term N input trajectories with stream nitrate concentration data for 16 nested subwatersheds in a 6800 km2, Southern Ontario watershed. Our results show significant nonlinearity between N inputs and outputs, with a strong hysteresis effect indicative of decadal-scale lag times. The mean annual lag time was found to be 24.5 years, with lags varying seasonally, likely due to differences in N-delivery pathways. Lag times were found to be negatively correlated with both tile drainage and watershed slope, with tile drainage being a dominant control in fall and watershed slope being significant during the spring snowmelt period. Quantification of such lags will be crucial to policy-makers as they struggle to set appropriate goals for water quality improvement in human-impacted watersheds.</abstract>
    <identifier type="citekey">Van Meter-2017-Time</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1088/1748-9326/aa7bf4</identifier>
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        <url>https://gwf-uwaterloo.github.io/gwf-publications/G17-36001</url>
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        <date>2017</date>
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%0 Journal Article
%T Time lags in watershed-scale nutrient transport: an exploration of dominant controls
%A Meter, K. J. Van
%A Basu, N. B.
%J Environmental Research Letters, Volume 12, Issue 8
%D 2017
%V 12
%N 8
%I IOP Publishing
%F VanMeter-2017-Time
%X Unprecedented decreases in atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition together with increases in agricultural N-use efficiency have led to decreases in net anthropogenic N inputs in many eastern US and Canadian watersheds as well as in Europe. Despite such decreases, N concentrations in streams and rivers continue to increase, and problems of coastal eutrophication remain acute. Such a mismatch between N inputs and outputs can arise due to legacy N accumulation and subsequent lag times between implementation of conservation measures and improvements in water quality. In the present study, we quantified such lag times by pairing long-term N input trajectories with stream nitrate concentration data for 16 nested subwatersheds in a 6800 km2, Southern Ontario watershed. Our results show significant nonlinearity between N inputs and outputs, with a strong hysteresis effect indicative of decadal-scale lag times. The mean annual lag time was found to be 24.5 years, with lags varying seasonally, likely due to differences in N-delivery pathways. Lag times were found to be negatively correlated with both tile drainage and watershed slope, with tile drainage being a dominant control in fall and watershed slope being significant during the spring snowmelt period. Quantification of such lags will be crucial to policy-makers as they struggle to set appropriate goals for water quality improvement in human-impacted watersheds.
%R 10.1088/1748-9326/aa7bf4
%U https://gwf-uwaterloo.github.io/gwf-publications/G17-36001
%U https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa7bf4
%P 084017

Markdown (Informal)

[Time lags in watershed-scale nutrient transport: an exploration of dominant controls](https://gwf-uwaterloo.github.io/gwf-publications/G17-36001) (Meter & Basu, GWF 2017)

• Time lags in watershed-scale nutrient transport: an exploration of dominant controls (Meter & Basu, GWF 2017)

ACL

• K. J. Van Meter and N. B. Basu. 2017. Time lags in watershed-scale nutrient transport: an exploration of dominant controls. Environmental Research Letters, Volume 12, Issue 8, 12(8):084017.